Burns can be caused by hot objects or liquids, steam, fire, sun, radiation, electricity, and chemicals.
Depending on the severity, burns can be classified into three degrees:
* First-degree burns: limited to the superficial layer of the skin (epidermis); the lesions are red and painful, slightly swollen, and the skin may peel after 1-2 days.
* Second-degree burns: deeper, affecting the second layer of the skin (dermis); they are very painful and blisters form; the skin is very red with a mottled appearance, and the swelling can be significant.
* Third-degree burns: affect all layers of the skin, which takes on a blackened appearance; they are little or not at all painful because the nerves are destroyed.
A small first-degree burn can be easily treated at home. For second-degree burns, those with a diameter greater than 5 cm or those located on the face, hands, feet, genital area, buttocks, or major joints require a visit to the doctor.
Any third-degree burn requires urgent medical care. The symptoms of sunburn vary from person to person and are directly proportional to the degree of exposure. The skin becomes sensitive, accompanied by the appearance of blisters, progressing to severe burns. Local phenomena can be accompanied by fever, chills, fatigue, weakness, and shock similar to thermal burns.
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